Hardwood flooring offers an attractive, durable finish but requires careful maintenance to avoid slip hazards, water damage and premature wear. This toolbox talk explains the health‑and‑safety risks associated with routine cleaning and mopping of hardwood floors and provides practical control measures that meet UK legislation. Slip risk arises when water or cleaning chemicals leave a film on the surface; even a thin layer can reduce friction and cause falls. Excessive moisture can penetrate floor joints, leading to swelling, warping and loss of the protective finish. Chemical exposure is covered by the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) and requires low‑VOC, pH‑neutral cleaners. Equipment such as floor‑buffer machines must comply with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) and be inspected daily. Noise from buffers is controlled by the Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005. General welfare, ventilation and manual handling are governed by the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 and the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992. Staff must also be trained in emergency spill response, proper waste disposal and recognise early signs of water‑induced damage. For further guidance see HSE’s slip prevention page https://www.hse.gov.uk/slips/index.htm, COSHH guidance for woodworkers https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/industry/woodworking.htm and PUWER overview https://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/puwer.htm.